Electrical Machine Hand Written Notes — Quick Tricks & Clear Examples
Introduction — kyun ye notes alag hain?
Electrical machines ek aisa topic hai jahan theory aur practical dono saath chalte hain. Ye handwritten notes specially un students ke liye banaye gaye hain jo jaldi revise karna chahte hain, shortcuts se concepts yaad rakhna pasand karte hain, aur exam-time pe last-minute clarity chahte hain.
Yeh article Hinglish style mein likha hai — matlab simple English + Hindi (Roman) mix — taki padhte waqt feel human, friendly aur engaging ho. Har section mein ek chhota trick ya example diya hai jo concept ko turant yaad dilata hai.
Basic Concepts — seedhe aur simple
Electrical machines ka foundation kuch basic cheezon pe based hai: magnetic field, flux, emf, torque, current flow aur mechanical load. Agar aap in cheezon ko ek chhote se story se yaad rakhoge — kaafi aaram se sab samajh aa jata hai.
Magnetic flux aur lines
Socho: flux ek river hai aur coil uska bridge. Jab river smoothly flow karega, bridge pe tension build hoti hai — isi tarah changing flux se emf induce hoti hai. Trick: "Flux = River, Coil = Bridge" — agar river change ho raha hai (flux changing) to bridge pe current (emf) feel hoga.
Back EMF
Motor chalne pe rotor speed badhta hai aur back EMF generate hota hai jo supply ko oppose karta hai. Trick: "Motor ka speedometer = back EMF" — jitna speed, utna back-push.
Types of Electrical Machines — ek nazar mein
Niche important machines: transformers, DC machines, synchronous machines, induction machines. Short lines:
- Transformer: Voltage change karne ke liye. No moving parts — sirf magnetic coupling.
- DC machines: Generator ya motor donon ho sakta — commutator se current reverse hota hai.
- Synchronous machines: Rotor ki speed fixed with supply frequency — used in power plants as alternators.
- Induction machines: Most common motors — rotor gets current by induction (no brushes).
Quick memory trick — "TDSI" rule
TDSI — Transformer, DC, Synchronous, Induction. Jab bhi list poochein, TDSI yaad rakhna; exam me cheat-sheet jaisa kaam karega.
How they work — short examples jo easily yaad rahe
Transformer — ghar pe example
Imagine ghar ka sub-station — high voltage transmission ko safe low voltage me lomte hain. Transformer primary coil me AC dalne se magnetic flux change hota, aur secondary coil me proportional voltage nikalta. Trick: "Primary = Fountain, Secondary = Bucket" — fountain jitna strong, bucket me utna hi aata hai (turn ratio matters).
DC motor — bicycle analogy
DC motor: supply deke rotor ko torque milta — bilkul cycle chalane jaise. Commutator function is like foot pedals — it reverses current at right time so rotor keeps turning.
Induction motor — fan ka simple example
Induction motor mein rotor current khud induced hota hai, isliye simple aur robust hai. Socho ceiling fan: starter se fan slow start hota hai kyunki initial slip chahiye; once running, slip kam ho jata hai.
Exam Tricks, Formulas & Shortcuts
Yahan kuch commonly asked formulas aur tricks hain, short mein:
- Transformer ratio: V1/V2 = N1/N2. Trick: V and N together rhyme — think "V-N pair".
- Induction motor slip: s = (Ns - N)/Ns. Trick: "Slip is how much rotor is late to dance with stator."
- Back EMF in DC motor: Eb ∝ Φ * ω. Trick: "Fast rotor (ω) = bigger Eb (opposes supply)".
Practical Revision Tips
1) 3-line summary of each machine — roz revise. 2) Draw one neat labelled diagram only — diagrams score fast marks. 3) Solve one past-year numerical for each topic daily.
Download the Handwritten PDF
Yeh PDF specially handwritten notes ka compiled version hai — short points, diagrams, formulas with highlighted tricks. Click the button below to open the Drive file (opens in new tab).
Final Notes — motivation & last-minute trick
Electrical machines strong karna matlab conceptual clarity + practice. Last-minute trick: agar time kam ho, 20 minutes per machine — ek sheet me 5 lines + 1 formula + 1 diagram. Yeh 20-minute sheet aapko questions me confidence dega.
Agar aapko ye notes pasand aaye, share karo aur apne friends ko bhejo. Agar chahoge to main is PDF ka summary (one-page cheat-sheet) bhi bana ke de sakta hoon — comment karke batao.
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