DRIFT VELOCITY | MOBILITY | ELECTRIC FIELD | ELECTRIC FORCE A clear, example-driven guide with tricks, short-cuts and downloadable notes. Table of Contents Introduction — quick idea Drift Velocity (with examples) Mobility — what affects it Electric Field & Relation to Drift Electric Force & Intuition Short Tricks & Familiar Examples Download Notes (3D button) Introduction — a simple mental picture When a conductor (like a copper wire) is placed in an electric field, its free electrons don't instantly fly away at lightning speed; instead they acquire a small average velocity superimposed on their random thermal motion. That average, directed motion is the drift velocity . Drift velocity explains the actual current you measure even though individual electrons move ran...
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